The nonlinear electromechanical
behavior of a cracked ferroelectric single crystal subjected to pure electrical
loading is investigated by a three-dimensional phase field model for different
crack face electrical boundary conditions. Phase field simulations show that
crack face electrical boundary conditions have significant influence on the
electrical and mechanical responses of the ferroelectric single crystal to an
external electric field. The coercive field for the polarization switching of a
single crystal with an electrically permeable crack is about 50% larger than
that for a single crystal with an electrically impermeable crack. The remanent
strain and the strain variation induced by polarization switching in a single
crystal with a permeable crack are larger than those with an impermeable crack.
The different macroscopic nonlinear behaviors are attributed to different
polarization switching processes. It is found that domain switching takes place
from the surface of a single crystal with a permeable crack, while it begins
from the vicinity of the crack tip when the crack is impermeable. A
ferroelectric single crystal with an impermeable crack exhibits strip
90° domain switching under a negative electric field, which is consistent
with experimental observation.
Source:IOPscience
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